The joys of maintaining freshwater aquarium fish as pets are notorious by amateur and experienced hobbyists alike. With a seemingly endless variety of species, a novice fish keeper may be challenged with some tough choices. Which types of fish should I get? How many?
A good way of making your choices is to choose the species which have been proven to be suitable beginner fish. Generally they are hardy, smaller in size, they aren't particular eaters, (some fish will not only eat "live" foods) they don't produce massive amounts of waste, have a harmonious nature and will tolerate other fish. (Meaning they are not particularly territorial) These traits make them easy to care for.
It would be good to establish your freshwater aquarium in the appropriate setting that your fish are inured to. For example, if you have lots of schooling fish, ensure to leave ample space for them to gather and swim. If you have a fish that is generally shy or secretive, give him a few hiding places. Doing some research on the characteristics of the fish you decide to keep will assure that your wet pets are happy.
Now, onto the species...
Tetras - These are perhaps the most general starter fish available. There are numerous types and all are very inexpensive. As they are thought as "schooling" fish, they do well in groups of 6 or above.
Minnows, Danios, Rasboras, and Barbs - Very hardy. They come in multiple colours and design patterns. Interesting, if not endearing schooling behavior.
Gouramis - Generally nonviolent, they have an interesting look and come in various colors. There is also a type of this species known as "kissing" gourami. Surely these fish can add a bit of personality to your aquarium.
Guppies, Platies, and Swordtails - Vibrant and have unique features. They remain small. (Usually, not above 3 inches) Very peaceful and thrive in a community environment.
Loaches, Cory Cats, Plecostomus and other bottom feeders - Let's start off with loaches. These fish have a unique look as they have a bottom oriented snout. Good for taking care of your snail population, if you happen to have a trouble with it. Usually secretive and nocturnal, these would thrive in pairs.
Cory Cats are named suitably so because they have what appear to be mustache. They use these to sift the bottom for excess food. These guys are dynamic and seem to have lots of energy.
Plecostomus are a good add-on because they mainly feed on algae and excess food. They have tough scales and boast a suction cup mouth. They are quite attractive to watch when feeding. There are some uncommon 'plecos' which do cost more, but the usual ones are widely available and fairly inexpensive.
One important aspect you must remember, is the size of your tank (it is usually advisable to have no less than 10-15 gallons) will decide the number of fish that are appropriate to have. A general rule of thumb is one inch of fish for every gallon of water. Do not make the common blunder of overpopulating your starter tank. If you do, you will quickly find the levels of harmful chemicals (produced by waste) will quickly get unruly.
Keep your freshwater aquarium fish happy and healthy and they will provide you with an interesting, if not peaceful view into their world.
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